Visual analysis paper Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Visual analysis paper - Assignment Example It was painted when the artist had just returned to Italy after spending 14 years at a Spanish court. By this time, she had married Orazio Lomellini, a Genoese ship captain. The artists obtained her inspirations and subjects for painting from the many visits to various courts and her contacts with painters of great renown such as Luca Cambiaso (Pizzagalli, p. 12). Through these contacts, Anguissola stayed in touch with current developments in art. The art is unique and more interesting to study than others by the painter are because the artist usually painted portraits. The art is oil-on-canvas and measures 49.5" x 43.5" or 125.7x110.5 centimeters. It is one of the Lowe Art Museum collections at the University of Miami. This masterpiece is among the well-known Counter-Reformist works, which portrayed the interests of counter-reformists in devotional images. The main purpose of these arts was to appeal to the viewers in an emotional manner, never achieved by reformist painters (Pizzagalli, p. 15). As a counter-reformation art, ‘The Holy Family with St. Anne and John the Baptist’ is depicted in a clear and accurate fashion with little imaginary or unnecessary embelishments and decorations. As is the case with other Renaissance paintings, this painting has teh features of the then developments in the depiction of light through space. In addition, light is representaed through its reflection from different surfaces. This representation of light through refleciton from surfaces and space helps the painting to achieve extreme realism. The use of oil paint instead of tempera  or  fresco, really helped the painter to achieve light representation. In this art, oli painting helped the artists to achieve a richer colour, finer detail and greater realism. Like other oil painting, these features must have been achieved by many weeks of reworking the paining.The artist, through the use of the visual features of the counter-reformation and reinassance

Job Analysis, Descriptions and Specifications Case Study

Job Analysis, Descriptions and Specifications - Case Study Example Job analysis can be conducted using qualitative tools such as interviews with existing clients or quantitative tools such as surveys or comparison to similar job roles in the competitive job market at other companies. Once parameters of the skills and knowledge needed to perform a job have been identified, it becomes easier for HR professionals to determine new pay categories that are competitive or directly in-line with job role function. New performance appraisals can also be developed to help human resources track performance of the employee in this job to determine whether goals are being met based on research findings. The entire process can be research intensive, however it helps leadership understand each job role and have a form of documentation available that helps the business identify with strengths or weaknesses of the job or how to better allocate resources if redundancies between job roles are identified. Job Analysis Driving Job Descriptions After conducting research, the skills, knowledge and abilities needed to successfully perform the job are documented. This could include educational credentials or the mental and physical needs of the job, depending on the environment and the complexity of the role. For example, research might indicate that typing speed of at least 60 words per minute is required to manage multi-tasking activities in the job, therefore the new job description will indicate that interviewers should be looking for people with high manual dexterity and speed. Either through observation, interviews or other measurement tools, the description is designed to best fit what has been discovered about the skills needed to accomplish the job tasks successfully. Pay grades are then determined based on what has been identified related to skills and the job role. Job analysis would also determine whether performance goals are being met properly based on research findings about job role. Tasks that have been identified are then listed on th e description with essential functions and duties related directly to the research results. Job Analysis and the VA Case There was a great deal of redundancy in the VA case, involving nurses and doctors that were performing the same tasks, as was identified through the research study and the interviews. This showed there was a need for restructuring at the organization. From the study: â€Å"Based on the high levels of overlap†¦there appears to be a tremendous opportunity to reallocate work more efficiently† (Best, Hysong, Pugh & Suvro, 2006, p.304). If the organization had used more detailed job analysis, these redundant activities could be identified and streamlined in a single job function. For example, if the nurses and the physicians were routinely documenting patient medications, then implementation of a new electronic system for one-time entry could be implemented. Job analysis would show what specific roles were overlapping and then restructure each job title, ba sed on description, in a way that was more efficient. Only through internal research, either observational or through interviews, could job titles be more narrowly defined to avoid overlapping duties. The complexity of t

Symbolic Violence and Structural Violence

Symbolic Violence and Structural Violence This weeks readings are composed of the topics of structural violence and symbolic violence. Galtung and Farmers perspectives on personhood and conflict relationship are built around the concept of the structural violence. In general terms, structural violence means sociopolitical inequalities emerge out of the structures. In addition to them, Bourdieu and Bourgois Schonberg bring new perspective by looking at the debate from different angle with the term symbolic violence which means gender inequalities emerges out of the embeddedness of female subordination by male in daily life. Galtung first discusses the concept of violence in his 1969 article of Violence, Peace and Peace Research and displays the relationship and difference between direct/personal/with subject and indirect/structural/without subject violence. In his article Cultural Violence (Galtung, 1990), it is defined as any aspect of a culture that can be used to legitimize violence in its direct or structural form (p.291). In Pierre Bourdieus article, we analyze how symbolic violence influences the gender relations by being embodied in the daily life habits of an agent. We may add that culture sometimes play a legitimizing role to strengthen symbolic violence. In my country, Turkey, there is still the honor killings phenomenon in the name of culture, which actually includes cultural and symbolic violence. It is a somewhat direct violence but also somewhat symbolic for the rest of the society and male-female relations. Galtungs prescription against those types of violence is clear; establish negative (the absence of direct violence) and positive (absence of structural and cultural violence) peace (p.183). In his article of Gender and Symbolic Violence, Pierre Bourdieu looks at violence in a different perspective than Galtung and builds relationship between violence and gender. According to him, hegemonic power and the domination of this power on its victims can be called symbolic violence. The male domination over the female can be strengthened with the help of the concepts, language, and symbols used in daily life habits. He does not mean to reduce the importance of physical violence, instead, focuses on the construction of misrecognition through the dominant discourses in various types of socio-cultural domination. Misrecognition is confirmed by dominant discourse and is embodied in womens body with hidden symbols. As he mentions this symbolic violence is most of the time unnoticed-partly unconsciousness- because the victims of this violence may not recognize it, or become silent because of their subordination or they feel daunted against the violence. His prescription is explained as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦radical transformation of the social conditions of production of the dispositions that lead the dominated to take the point of view of the dominant on the dominant and on themselves.(p.342). Paul Farmers personhood is much more related to structural issues. In On Suffering and Structural Violence, he tries to understand the mechanisms which cause social forces from poverty to racism to be embodied as individual experiences (p.281). He argues that what happens to Acephie and Chouchou the former dies because of AIDS and the latter dies because of political violence- are two different versions of structural violence. He reaches the conclusion that inequality of power and its implications on the poor are because of the structural arrangements of dominant powers of the world. Silence of socioeconomically poor people is because of the dominant power relations and its reflections on Third World countries. According to him, what happened to Acephie and Chouchou is explained as; these afflictions were not the result of accident or of force majeure; they were the consequence, direct or indirect, of human agency(p.286) He also mentions that when people are suffering because of pov erty, their access to health, food, and shelter are limited because of their social status. His prescription is much more related to the humane and offers global precautions. He thinks that instead of debating cultural differences, the social inequalities should be reduced. The precautions should focus on reducing global poverty, by so we can break the link between social violence and social acceptance of poverty. After the discussion on historically reproduced structures of social inequality and the deficiencies of accessing to health care which is a basic human right in Third World countries in Farmers article, we witness similar arguments in Philippe Bourgois and Jeff Schonbergs book of Righteous Dopefiend. The authors give us a portrayal of the sufferings of the homeless and heroin addicted community of Edgewater from their own personal participant observations. In general, the book is so impressive because of the use of photographs, transcripts of recorded conversations and the authors participant observations. The authors display the daily experiences of these heroin addicted-homeless people and analyze anthropologically those experiences. In the book, we see how those people suffer but also try to hang onto life one more day by involving in burglary, day labor, panhandling and so on. The book is constructed on the themes of how violence is seen in childhood, community of addicted people, in gender relations, in race issues, sexuality, power inequality, and so on. In the book, one of the main arguments is that while we enter into twenty first century, neoliberalism has produced a strata of rich people but also a strata of lumpen in United States. Those people who couldnt adapt themselves into the changing system are marginalized and exposed to the structural violence and victimized. They are Edgewater dopefiends now. On page 320, the authors mentioned that the burden of lumpenization is more severe in nonindustrialized societies. They add that there is not only power inequality and poverty issue but also poverty is being punished which is actually the extension of symbolic violence. Authors barrow from Bourdieus concept of misrecognition and symbolic violence (Bourdieu 2000) and apply it to Foucaults power/knowledge relationship. According to them, policy debates and interventions often mystify large scale structural power vectors and unwittingly reassign blame to the powerless for their individual failures and moral character deficiencies. (p.297). Here we see that, the heroin addicted-homeless people of Edgewater, Sanfransico, are not only excluded from the whole social network and locked up into their own social network but also blamed on them for their failure. Although the book criticizes so much of health care system and the role of structural forces on the suffering of those people, I believe I would be happy to read ethical considerations of the authors during their research. In conclusion, this weeks reading were so impressive and must be thought on more. In addition to that, I believe what they are theorizing must be put into practice and the awareness on structural, cultural and symbolic violence must be increased with policy recommendations. Or the project/practice areas should be determined and implemented by the field experts.

The Character of Scarlet in Gone With the Wind Essay -- Gone With the

The Character of Scarlet in Gone With the Wind  Ã‚     "My Dear, I don't give a damn," (718) Rhett Butler says this infamous quote to Scarlet O'Hara at the end of Gone With the Wind (1934), when the woman has finally poured her soul to him. The novel Gone with the Wind (1934) by Margaret Mitchell is a classic about the hard times suffered during and after the Civil War. Scarlet lives in the Confederacy and everyone there is for fighting for his or her noble Cause. The young southern belle Scarlet O'Hara is forced to do things she never thought a girl of her class and nature would have to do. All throughout the novel, she is faced with serious problems. Scarlet plainly states, I'll not think of that today, I'll think of it tomorrow, for tomorrow is another day, which of course she never does. It is this thought however, that makes her character stay strong, although sometimes living in a daydream. Without telling herself this, Scarlet would have broken down in the very beginning after the war had started. Scarlet lives for the future and not the past. It's this about her that makes her character admirable and noble At first the reader would think Scarlet's character is snobbish and helpless. Through her determination, she forces others to change their opinion of her. In the beginning, she is a young, beautiful sixteen -year old, with a seventeen-inch waist, the smallest in the county. At parties, she never has less than a dozen young men surrounding her, all of whom she never lets know whom she truly loves. The other girls find Scarlet heartless, the way she leads all those boys on, but Scarlet pays no mind to them. She knows they are just bitter with jealousy. She does truly love Ashley Wilkes, but he is to announce his enga... ...d a cause of her own. While many characters in the book fought and died for the great Cause, she cared more about her own. Scarlet had to care for Tara and her family. Although many see her as repulsive, by looking at her acts, she made herself strong with words. The once young and carefree girl was forced to marry for money, not for love, twice. When Scarlet finally let her only true love in life, Rhett Butler, know how she felt about him, she realizes all too late how horrid she's acted, he finally puts Scarlet in her place by stating "My dear, I don't give a damn." At these words, Scarlet still does not break down. After all she has been through she knows what to do. She tells her self that tomorrow is another day, and tomorrow she will get Rhett back.   Works Cited Mitchell, Margaret. Gone With the Wind. NewYork: The Macmillan Company,1994      

Is Evil an intrinsic or extrinsic in Humans Essay

Evil: A noun meaning profound immortality, wickedness and depravity. It’s just a simple four letter word, full of darkness. There is a little bit of evil in everyone, varying in degree and severity, but it’s up to you whether you let it show or not According to Mr. Golding, evil is intrinsic in human beings. That means that evil is an instinct to humans, a part of them. Many people can deny that fact, however it is suppressed inside of humans and will come out in extreme situations or after traumatic experiences as a self-defense mechanism. However, what is evil? What defines evil? What can we compare evil to? Evil, to some people, are the acts that are against a certain religion, culture, society, etc. Many times, Again, evil is personified, and the most common evil known today that is personified is Satan, also known as Lucifer or the Devil. That includes the â€Å"goody two shoes† people, they have Evil Intents and thoughts, but they work well at suppressing i t. But evil isn’t something personified, if not, it is human nature. In â€Å"The Lord of the Flies†, all the boys are stuck on the island and are all in the same situation. However, the boys enjoy mocking Piggy because he is physically inferior. In the human mind, placing someone below themselves increases their self-confidence so that they feel superior and better about themselves. In many cases this appears in bullying. There are examples such as, â€Å"’You’re taking too much,’ said Jack Merridew. ‘Shut up, Fatty.’ Laughter arose. ‘He’s not Fatty,’ cried Ralph, ‘his real name’s Piggy!’†¦ a storm of laughter arose†¦Ã¢â‚¬  and â€Å"’His specs – use them as burning glasses!’ Piggy was surrounded before he could back away. ‘Here – let me go!’†¦ ‘My specs!’ howled Piggy. ‘Give me my specs!’† In both these insta nces, the boys took advantage of his physical disadvantage due to his asthma and mocking him for his body image. Evil could also be portrayed as self-preservation and survival. Although Simon’s death is a blur and is hard to comprehend, the boys attacked Simon, thinking that he was the beast and also using the excuse that it was a mistake and that they did not know as an excuse to get carried away by the game and simply attacked him for pleasure. Anyhow, isn’t murder considered  evil? If this isn’t murder, what is this? And is this terrible act, or so to speak, evil? In other books like Battle Royale and the Hunger Games, Humans have defined and showed their evil psychological side as it has been released in the terms of a kill or be killed situation, or just for the fun of it as other people termed it, either it was issues with home, or hate for society Mr. Golding is saying that evil is intrinsic, but since human society thinks that they are so civilized, humans think that evil is extrinsic. But under the right circumstances, survival and self-preservation surface, something that â€Å"civilized humans† consider as savage, barbaric, and evil. In other words, Evil is Intrinsic, but learning how to suppress that evil is Extrinsic need for humans. And as I looked into some reports, some of the parents of famous serial killers were not very civil and trying to compress.

Benefits of Online Shopping

Benefits of Online Shopping: 1) Convenience: The convenience of this method of shopping is the best advantage of online shopping. One does not have to wait in a line or wait till the shop assistant is ready to help with the purchases. Shopping can be done in minutes even if one is busy apart from saving time and avoiding crowds. Online shops give the opportunity to shop 24 x 7 and also reward us with a ‘no pollution’ shopping. There is no better place to buy information products like e-books. Immediately after the payment is made one can download the information.And downloadable items purchased online eliminate the need for any kind of material goods at all. 2) Better Prices: The cheap deals and better prices we can get from online stores is fascinating because products come to you direct from the manufacturer or seller without middlemen involved. Many online shops offer discount coupons and rebates. Apart from this, the Online Store is only required to collect sales tax if they have a physical location in our state even if we buy from a store across the world. ) Variety: The choices you can get for products are amazing. One can get several brands and products from different sellers at one place. You can get in on the latest international trends without spending money on airfare. When you shop online, you can shop from retailers in other parts of the country or even the world without being limited by geographic area. These stores offer a far greater selection of colors and sizes than you will find locally. ) Send Gifts: Online Shopping makes sending gifts to relatives and friends easy, no matter where ever they stay. Now there is no need of making distance an excuse for not sending a gift on occasions like Birthday, Wedding Anniversary, Marriage, Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day etc. 5) Fewer Expenses: Many times when we opt for conventional shopping we tend to spend a lot more than the required shopping expenses on things like eating ou t, traveling, impulsive shopping etc. ) Comparison of Prices: Online shops make comparison and research of products and prices possible. Online stores also give you the ability to share information and reviews with other shoppers who have first-hand experience with a product or retailer. 7) Crowds: Crowds force us to do a hurried shopping most of the time. Grumpy or irritating people and those who smell bad are a huge turn off. Crowds also create a problem when it comes to finding a parking place nearby where you want to shop and going back to your vehicle later loaded with shopping bags. ) Compulsive Shopping: Many times when we go out on Shopping we end up buying things which we do not require because of the shop keepers up selling skills. Sometimes we even compromise on our choices because of the lack of choices in those shops. 9) Buying Old or unused Stuff at low prices: Online Shops make it possible for us to buy old or unused stuff at rock bottom prices. If we want to buy anti ques there is no better options than online stores. 10) Discreet Purchases: Some things are better done in privacy. Online shops are also best for discreet purchases like adult toys, sexy lingerie and so on.

An Exercise in Identifying Paragraph Breaks in Essays

An Exercise in Identifying Paragraph Breaks in Essays This exercise will give you practice in paragraphingorganizing sentences into unified paragraphs in a coherent essay. InstructionsWhen originally published in 1913, this humorous essay by Homer Croy was divided into 17 paragraphs. The essay has been reprinted here without any line spaces or indentations.Either on your own or in a group, decide where the paragraph breaks should be, and be prepared to explain why. When youre done, compare your version of the essay with the original version of Bathing in a Borrowed Suit. Keep in mind that many arrangements are possible and that your version of the essay may have more than or fewer than 17 paragraphs.   Bathing in a Borrowed Suit by Homer Croy (1883-1965) The desire to be seen on the beach in a borrowed bathing suit is not so strong in me as it once was. An acquaintance, under the guise of friendship, lured me out to his beach one day, saying that he had full rights to the most popular ocean in the world. I had heard his ocean spoken highly of, and I accepted. Unfortunately I forgot to take my bathing suit, but he said that that was nothingthat he had one that would fit me as the paper on the wall. As I recall it those were his exact words. At last he found it in the basement, where it seems that the mice, to get the salt, had helped themselves rather liberally to its none too strong fabric. From the holes in the suit it was easy to see that the party had been a merry one and had not broken up till a late hour. The suit had never been planned for a person of my general architecture. Roughly speaking, I am fashioned along the lines of the Woolworth Building, with a slight balcony effect about the thirty-third floor. The suit had been i ntended for a smallish person given to bathing principally by himself. It was, in its present state, mostly a collection of holes rather insecurely held together with yarn. The waist would have been tight on a doll, while the trunks looked like a pair of pulse-warmers. I tried to find a place to get into the suit, but it stuck together like a wet paper bag. At last I got part way in only to find that my arms were sticking through where a couple of mice had polished off a meal. Finally I felt that I had the suit on and looked in the mirror. I drew back in startled surprise. There were two foreign marks on my body. One I recognized after a moment as being where my collar button had rubbed, but the other was larger. It was a dark splotch as if I had run into the bureau. But, on looking more closely, I saw that it was the bathing suit. Even under the most favorable circumstances, when attired in a bathing suit, I dont live long in the memory of strangers. Rarely ever is my photograph taken by a shore photographer and put up in his exhibition case, and prac tically never does a cluster of people gather around me, talking excitedly with bursts of involuntary applause. My friends were waiting on the lawn for me to join them. Taking a firm grip on my courage I walked out into the yard. The ladies were gaily chatting and smiling until they saw me, when suddenly they closed the conversation and turned to gaze far out over the blue horizon to a dim, distant sail. The ocean looked only a couple of blocks away, but we seemed to walk miles. I was the cynosure of all eyes. I had never been a cynosure before, and in fact didnt know that I had any talent in that line, but now, as a cynosure, I was a great success. When some rude boys came up and began to make personal remarks in the tone that such remarks are usually made in, I abandoned the rest of the party and hurried for the water. I plunged in, but I plunged too hard. My suit had got past the plunging stage. When I came up there was little on me besides the sea foam and a spirit of jollity. The latter was feigned. Something told me to keep to the deep. My friends called me and insisted that I come asho re to play in the sand with them, but I answered that I loved the ocean too well and wanted its sheltering arms around me. I had to have something around me. I must get back to the house and into my clothes. I worked down the beach until I was out of sight, and made a break for the solace of the basement from whence the suit had come. Many people were out walking but I did not join any of them, and as they stared at me, I began to walk faster and faster. Soon I was running. A large dog that I had never seen before rushed at me. I turned around and gave him one lowering look, but he evidently did not catch it, for he came straight on. I looked around for a rock to use for something that I had in mind, but somebody had removed all the desirable ones. So I turned my back to the ill-bred creature and started on. However, this did not cut him the way I had hoped. Instead, he came on with renewed interest. I did not want him to follow me, but this seemed to be his intention, although he had received no encouragement on my part. I sped up and tried to lose him, but my efforts were fruitless, and to make it mor e unpleasant he kept up a loud, discordant barking which jarred on my sensitive ear. I gained the yard and plunged against the door of the house, but some thoughtful person had closed it. I ran around to the rear, but the person had done his work well. So I ran back with some vague hope that the door would be open, although I knew quite well it wouldnt be. My surmises were right. Back the dog and I ran together, while curious passers-by began to stare. I soon found myself almost out of breath, but the dog seemed to be quite fresh. However, I ran back again. At last I came upon a basement door that was open, dived in and shut the door after me. I took particular pains to do that. I continued to remain in the basement. Although the time hung heavily on my hands I did not stroll out to chat with the townspeople. In the course of time my friend returned and looked at me strangely. Arent you feeling well? he asked pityingly. No, I answered sadly. I feel kind of run down. But why did you get in this basement? he asked. It belongs to the man next door. Of late I get all th e bathing I want with a sponge behind closed doors. I would rather have a sponge that has been in the family a long time at my back, than a strange dog similarly located, with whose habits I am not familiar. Bathing in a Borrowed Suit by Homer Croy originally appeared in Life magazine (July 1913) and was reprinted in Our American Humorists by Thomas L. Masson (Moffat, Yard and Company, 1922).

Jennifer Lopez1 essays

Jennifer Lopez1 essays Jennifer Lopez was born in the Bronx, New York on July 24, 1970. She was born in the United States to Puerto Rican Parents, Jennifer considers herself to be a Puerto Rican and she is very proud of her Hispanic heritage and culture. Her father is David Lopez, a computer specialist, and her mother Guadalupe Lopez, a Kindergarten teacher. Her parents recognized Jennifers talent and enthusiasm for performing and at the age of five the enrolled her in dance classes. Her mother said Jennifer always loved to sing, but she was also a great actress and knew that she would have a bright future ahead of her. With the support of her parents Jennifer grew up to be a very sensible girl, who is still very close to her family. When Jennifer earned her million-dollar paycheck for playing the role in the movie Selena, she bought her mom a Cadillac. Even though they saw Jennifers talent at the age of five, their relationship was not always understandable. Jennifer made a major decision and that was not to go to College. That decision was very disappointing to her parents who wanted her to go to law school. Her parents supported her pursuit of a career in show business, they did not wanted to be in the expense of her education. When Jennifer told her parents that she was not going to College and law school, they thought it was really stupid to go off and try to be a movie star. Her parents who at that time could not understand the choices she made are very happy for their daughter and what she has accomplish. When she left her home at the middle of a fight and never went back. She said, I had to make my own way and then lived in a Manhattan dance studio where she was training. Then she got an apartment with some friends in Manhattan Hells Kitchen. Since the time she move out of her home she started her showbiz career as a dancer in stage musicals and most notably in her tour to Golden musicals of ...

Famous Quotes About the Importance of Education

Famous Quotes About the Importance of Education Many of our most powerful memories have to do with school - that sort of boot camp before adulthood - where we first learned that the greatest achievements and rewards in life come from putting in a day of hard work. It’s the place that helped define us, where we explored our interests and discovered our natural talents. It’s where we met new friends and developed relationships, and perhaps even met our first love. No matter what your age, head back to school figuratively - or literally - with these quotes from well-known politicians (Edmund Burke, Benjamin Franklin, Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Theodore Roosevelt), coaches (Bear Bryant, Mike Krzyzewski, and Vince Lombardi), poets and writers (Robert Frost, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Victor Hugo, Joseph Joubert, Patrick White, and William Butler Yeats), as well as an educator (A.B. Alcott), a businessman (Henry Ford), and psychiatrists (Carl Jung and B.F. Skinner). Many of these famous people have scholastics awards, scholarships, and schools named after them. A.B. Alcott: The true teacher defends his pupils against his own personal influence. Bear Bryant: If I miss coaching that much, I could go to some little school where they didnt recruit, where all the kids wanted to go. I believe I could find somewhere to coach. Edmund Burke: Example is the school of mankind, and they will learn at no other. Ralph Waldo Emerson: You send your child to the schoolmaster, but tis the schoolboys who educate him. Benjamin Franklin: Experience keeps a dear school, but fools will learn in no other. Henry Ford: You cant learn in school what the world is going to do next year. Robert Frost: The chief reason for going to school is to get the impression fixed for life that there is a book side for everything. Victor Hugo: He who opens a school door closes a prison. Joseph Joubert: Education should be gentle and stern, not cold and lax. Carl Jung: One looks back with appreciation to the brilliant teachers, but with gratitude to those who touched our human feelings. The curriculum is so much necessary raw material, but warmth is a vital element for the growing plant and for the soul of a child. Mike Krzyzewski: Basketball was not my main sport in grade school or even the first year of high school. Vince Lombardi: A school without football is in danger of deteriorating into a medieval study hall. Franklin D. Roosevelt: The school is the last expenditure upon which America should be willing to economize. Theodore Roosevelt: A man who has never gone to school may steal from a freight car; but if he has a university education, he may steal the whole railroad. B.F. Skinner: Education is what survives when what has been learnt has been forgotten. Patrick White: I forget what I was taught. I only remember what I have learnt. William Butler Yeats: Education is not the filling of a pail, but the lighting of a fire.

The process and the steps of pearl farming, including the benefits to Essay

The process and the steps of pearl farming, including the benefits to the environmental surrounding - Essay Example Eventually, the researcher will distinguish the differences between pearl oyster and a regular oyster. Prior to the conclusion, the researcher will discuss the positive impact of pearl farming on eco-tourism business in terms of the need to preserve the natural sea environment. Since the 17th century, the United States has been considered as a major source of fresh-water pearls. The â€Å"Tennessee River Freshwater Pearl Farm† which was founded by John Latendresse back in 1979 is the only freshwater pearl farm in the country. (American Pearl Company, 2008; U.S. Pearl Cultivation, 2008) In general, oyster pearls can either be produced in either fresh- or salt-water or both. Salt-water pearls are rounder, bigger, smoother and have a better luster. (Khulsey, 2008) Aside from the physical characteristics of these pearls, one of the most obvious differences between the two types of pearl is the fact that fresh-water pearls are cheaper as compared to salt-water pearls. Pearls that are bred for only a year is significantly cheaper than pearls bred for 30 years or more. (Journal Wuxi: Pearl of Taihu Lake, 2006) The scientific name of fresh water pearl oysters is known as the ‘Pinctada’ family which is totally different from edible oysters known as the ‘Ostreidae’. (Pacific Island, 2008) Silver- or gold-lip pearls mainly come from ‘Pinctada maxima’ whereas the black-lip pearls come from ‘Pinctada margaritifera.’ Saltwater white pearls in Japan’s white pearls come from ‘Pinctada fucata martensi’ which is also known as the ‘Akoya pearl oysters’. Lastly, the Keshii pearls in Japan can be formed either in fresh- or salt-water. (Khulsey, 2008) The sea water condition and age could greatly affect whether the oysters would have the male or a female sex organ. (Pacific Island, 2008) For this reason, maintaining the cleanliness of both fresh- and sea-waters is an essential part of pearl farming. When pearl

A Storm in the Rocky Mountains by Bierstadt Essay

A Storm in the Rocky Mountains by Bierstadt - Essay Example The essay "A Storm in the Rocky Mountains by Bierstadt" explores the painting by Bierstadt, "A Storm in the Rocky Mountains". Coming from a generation of the aforementioned digital photography one is easily cynical enough to question the authenticity of the painting. Its surreal looks and intricate and fine detailing makes it impossible for one to believe that this is a creation by a mere mortal. In 1863, the artist is said to have set out on an expedition to the Chicago Lakes region of the Rockies and he referred to Yosemite as ‘the original site of the Garden of Eden.’ En-route his journey through the region currently known as the Chicago Peaks Range, Albert Bierstadt came to an immediate halt in awe of the breathtaking view, and immediately began to make sketches of the mountainous landscape to gather studies of the region for this monumental painting, executed three years later in his New York studio. For the final canvas, he exercised artistic license, rearranging s ome landmarks and exaggerating the scale of others, to maximize the visual interest of this Rocky Mountain landscape. Gazing at the painting, one does not tend to notice all that, but is left with the wish they had been lucky enough to witness the same view. Still, even a photograph from the most powerful of today’s cameras may not have given the scene as much justice. This picture had thrilled audiences with its dual effects of sublime grandeur and reportorial detail for years now. The soaring peaks, expansive valleys.

John Rawls' Theory of Justice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

John Rawls' Theory of Justice - Essay Example This social contract is the basis in which people can live in harmony and is necessary because humans are social animals and the absence of any social contract will tend to destroy any society as there will be deviants in it. A theory of justice as propounded and conceptualized by John Rawls depends on two things: the original position which is highly hypothetical in that the principles of justice are selected and implemented from his so-called â€Å"veil of ignorance† in which people lack any ulterior aim or motive and therefore presumed to act in the best interests of everybody in that society. In his theory, the original position assumes everyone starts out being equal initially and gradually in turn seeks out the best possible solutions in which possible gains are maximized and possible losses are minimized (the maximin principle) in a heuristics fashion (a trial and error method). Everyone works for the betterment of everyone and disregards any probable gains for oneself (without hidden agendas or ulterior motives whatsoever). The veil of ignorance presumes a lot in a world in which men are naturally greedy and works against the principle of basic instinct in which the rule of self-preservation often prevails. I would dare say it is not a workable idea at all since it assumes complete innocence and conflates all people into one (Freyenhagen

Causes and impacts of the UK currency devaluation Essay

Causes and impacts of the UK currency devaluation - Essay Example ng the currency with the fourth highest trading volume in the foreign exchange market behind the US dollar, the euro, and the Japanese yen respectively (Pan). The sterling has been generally regarded as one of the high value based currency reserves of the world. Its value, in respect to the other currencies, has been on the higher side. This has been because of various reasons, one of the main being the good and reliable financial markets that the United Kingdom is able to offer to investors worldwide. Due to the stability within the UK, and the ensuing level of trust, it has been able to attract massive inflows because of the bourses and financial markets, particularly in London, providing burgeoning returns. The high value further, allowed greater consumption by the people of the United Kingdom, allowing greater imports and out of country vacations. The current financial crisis however sees the Pound Sterling being drastically devalued. In recent months, the Sterlings decline in value in relation to the euro is interpreted by economists and some political elements within the United Kingdom as evidence of diminishing faith in the British economy on worldwide currency markets. Political elements, especially those belonging to the liberal side have rushed to blame the policies of the Prime Minister Gordon Brown for the collapse in the Sterling’s value (Heffer). Sources close to the treasury hinted that the decision in the pre-Budget report to increase borrowing to fund reduction in taxes had led to a downturn in economic confidence and thus had affected willingness of people to spend, ultimately leading to the drop in the Pound. A Liberal Democrat Treasury spokesman observed that while the decrease in interest rates had been the main reason behind the fall in the sterling’s value, it was supplemented by the expectation that the rates would decline even further (Heffer). The sterling fell almost 17 per cent compared with the euro in 2008 as the Bank of England

Design a Human Resources Plan for the Radiology Dept. of a new Research Paper

Design a Human Resources Plan for the Radiology Dept. of a new small-town hospital - Research Paper Example Performance management focuses on under-performers, but it adapts a positive approach by availing the means for employees to advance their performance or efficiently utilize their abilities. Any organization’s overall performance management system has three sequential stages (Armstrong & Baron, 2005). The first stage is planning this involves determining the behaviors and results that will be expected from every member of the organization. The second step is execution which entails providing feedback, coaching, and guidance during the appraisal period to improve performance. The last step is evaluation which entails identifying and discussing strengths and weaknesses during the appraisal period (Grote, 1996). To map out performance management for the radiology department, the manager requires a sample evaluation to determine the different goals and performance towards achieving each of these goals. In this case the sample evaluation will also provide a means of rating individual performance under the different performance measures. The merit plan determines the score under each of the discussed competences. The merit plan provides the final score and position of the employee based on the predetermined goals (competencies) this is essential in determining follow-up action such as training, promotion or rewards. Employee recognition programs can enhance employee relations by communicating that the organization cares about its employees’ ideas and is willing to reward them for their efforts. WorldatWork and RPI carried out a research on employee recognition programs and underlined that companies which employ the programs retain their best and brightest employees. According to RPI, recognition is one of the most effective ways to reinforce an organization’s culture, support its objectives, and retain top performer. Looking at these proven

The Integration of European Union Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

The Integration of European Union - Essay Example Also, the abolishment of conflicting laws and uniform rules and regulations will assist businesses to streamline and adopt uniform policies across the EU. This paper will discuss some of the benefits that businesses of the 21st century may acquire due to an integration of EU and will further discuss as to what are such benefits, how they may be of any help for the businesses. The focus of this paper will, therefore, be largely on examining the advantages and challenges of EU integration for businesses. European Union comprises of 27 member States and is serving as a Political as well as Economic Union of European Countries. The basic philosophy behind the integration of Europe is to allow the regional integration by creating a single market for the whole of Europe. The basic theme of EU is despite having differences in the values and cultural aspects of the individual member countries; however such differences shall not be the basis of competition between the Member States. Thus despite the creation of single currency and market, EU Member States have retained their individual characteristics thus creating a fine amalgamation of integration which is advocating the formation of collective identity for EU while at the same time allowing individual member States to keep their own individual characteristics intact. Established in 1993 as a result of Maastricht Treaty, EU is now a region comprising of 500 million people contributing almost 30% of the share in the World Gross Domestic Pr oduct. At the global level, EU is, therefore, operating as a system of super nationalism as well as inter-governmental allowing member States to dominate the world scene in the disguise of an integrated Regional Community. One of the most important aspects of this integration is the fact that establishment of EU has resulted into the creation of a single market which not only allowed the free movement of people but also goods and services thus creating a strong window of opportunity for businesses working within the Region to flourish and prosper at least at the Regional Level.

Design a Human Resources Plan for the Radiology Dept. of a new Research Paper

Design a Human Resources Plan for the Radiology Dept. of a new small-town hospital - Research Paper Example Performance management focuses on under-performers, but it adapts a positive approach by availing the means for employees to advance their performance or efficiently utilize their abilities. Any organization’s overall performance management system has three sequential stages (Armstrong & Baron, 2005). The first stage is planning this involves determining the behaviors and results that will be expected from every member of the organization. The second step is execution which entails providing feedback, coaching, and guidance during the appraisal period to improve performance. The last step is evaluation which entails identifying and discussing strengths and weaknesses during the appraisal period (Grote, 1996). To map out performance management for the radiology department, the manager requires a sample evaluation to determine the different goals and performance towards achieving each of these goals. In this case the sample evaluation will also provide a means of rating individual performance under the different performance measures. The merit plan determines the score under each of the discussed competences. The merit plan provides the final score and position of the employee based on the predetermined goals (competencies) this is essential in determining follow-up action such as training, promotion or rewards. Employee recognition programs can enhance employee relations by communicating that the organization cares about its employees’ ideas and is willing to reward them for their efforts. WorldatWork and RPI carried out a research on employee recognition programs and underlined that companies which employ the programs retain their best and brightest employees. According to RPI, recognition is one of the most effective ways to reinforce an organization’s culture, support its objectives, and retain top performer. Looking at these proven

Descriptive statistic Essay Example for Free

Descriptive statistic Essay Table 1 shows the descriptive statistics about the 74 models of automobiles released in the year 1978, these include the automobiles’ price, mileage, repair record, headroom, trunk space, weight, length, turn circle, displacement and the gear ratio with its corresponding results. In terms of automobiles’ price, it ranges to $3,291.00 up to $15,906.00 for the period of the said year. Its average price is $6,165.26 with a standard deviation of $2,949.50. It can be seen that prices are not close by to one another. With regards to mileage, the majority of the automobiles runs 41 miles for every gallon of gasoline, while the least runs only for 12 miles. The mean of mileage has resulted to 21.30 mpg, with a standard deviation of 5.79 mpg. As to the variable repair record it can be seen that only 69 were observed out of the 74 automobiles. The highest occurrence of repairs made is five times, whereas the least occurs only one time. The average repair recorded is 3.41 times while its standard deviation is only .98. It is also seen the data about the portion of automobiles’ headroom in inches. The automobile recorded with the largest headroom has 5 inches size however the smallest only got 1.5 inches. Further, the average headroom is 2.99 inches, changing at a standard deviation of .85. Respectively, the trunk of automobiles is given measured in cubic feet. The largest trunk noted has a 23 cu. ft. of space, on the other hand the least has a size of 5 cu. ft. The mean size of the trunk got a 13.76 cu. ft. having a standard deviation of 4.28 cu. ft. The automobiles’ weight resulted with the heaviest model got a 4,840 lbs. while the lightest among them weighs 1,760 lbs. The average weight of automobiles recorded is 3.019.46 lbs. A standard deviation of 777.19. While the measurement of automobiles’ length got a longest and shortest measure of 233 inches and 142 inches, respectively. The average length of the automobiles is 187.93 inches with a standard deviation of 22.27 inches. The highest measure of turn circles gathered is 51 ft. while, the lowest gathered measure is 31 ft. The average measurement of turn circles is 39.65 ft. varying at a standard deviation of 4.40 ft. As to the measurement of the displacement, the highest got a size of 425 cu. in. and the least got a size of 79 cu. in. The average measurement is 197.30 cu. in. and a standard  deviation of 91.84 in.cu. The gear ratio shows a result that its average/mean is 3.01. It ranges to 2.19 up to 3.89 with a standard deviation of .46.

Effectiveness of global governance

Effectiveness of global governance Never in the history of the world, has there been such dynamic and complicated level of political, social, economic and cultural fusion. The world as we have it now has evolved from the political era of colonization, which featured states like the United Kingdom and France governing almost all parts of the world, to the subsequent emancipation of states, the popularization of democracy simultaneously with the jet rate of improvement in information technology and transport, which has more or less led to the new world that we have today, the one where lives are so intertwined that distance, gender and colour are no barrier, the world where racism has lost most of its meaning, as people from different races and backgrounds are united in ensuring that the technological revolution does not negatively impact us all. The wide spread of scientific and technological discoveries has brought about the emergence of issues which transcend states borders, from free trade, deregulation, drug trade, Internet scam, Cancer, HIV, Global warming to Terrorism. These issues have more or less propelled states towards joint international efforts, aimed at providing a measure of safety and orderliness in world affairs. Global governance has been given a lot of interpretations in literatures. Global governing can be seen as the coming together of different transnational actors to address political, economic, social and cultural issues of international importance that transcend national or regional borders. This essay will attempt to focus on the existence of global governance and the people and organisations which has been instrumental to global governing, these are regarded as actors in global governance and can be grouped into the Nation-State, International organisations, Transnational or Multinational Corporations, and (International)Non Governmental Organisations. I will also go further to explore the effectiveness, or lack thereof, of global governance. This essay adopts the Neo Gramscian theory of global governance which postulates that there is the presence of hegemonic power dominance in global politics and economics. These powers uses international organisations to maintain the existence of capitalism, thus shaping global governance at the expense of a majority of the society, (Gill, 2000; Gill and Law, 1993; in Held and McGrew, 2002. P.13). I will conclude this essay by suggesting some possible reforms that can bring about some effectiveness in global governance. Global gove rnance exist in theory and practice, what remains contestable is its effectiveness in addressing global issues. Actors In The Shaping Of Global Governance THE NATION STATE The state can be defined in terms of a geographical and cultural entity, with heterogeneous or homogenous people occupying a definite territory. With this definition, we see that every geographically marked entity is a state, sovereign or not. The state as we have it today has come to be associated with sovereignty, security, power and territory, and as the only means of ensuring its citizens are well provided for. The inclusion of the state in global governance, thus, is automatic. Among all the actors in global governance, the state has the longest history of existence, seen by their citizens as their representative both nationally and internationally. The bloc of nations regarded as developed countries are those indutrialized states which have enjoyed aeons of political and economic dominance, while the developing countries is reserved for The state has been instrumental in the creation of all other political actors, (Held, 2000. P.398). International organisations are the result of state deliberations and agreement, free trade, liberalized economy, recognition of fundamental human rights, and democracy adopted by the states have given transnational corporations and Non Governmental organisations alike, the freedom to contribute to global governance. The inclusion of these non state actors in governance, to some people, has eroded the powers enjoyed by the states,(Mathews, 1997. p.50) while this might be true to an extent, it is noteworthy that the state still remains the most powerful actors, controlling the international institutions and their own territories. States like the United States of America, with a strong dose of hegemonic power, and China still get veto power on most issues in the international arena, and since international institutions laws are binding on NGOs and TNCs alike, it follows that they are still a little bit indirectly controlled by the states. INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS International organisations simply refer to those organisations which are created as a result of the enhanced relationships between states, for the purpose of overseeing political, economic, and social relations between them, to ensure fair dealings amongst states, and act as an arbitrator whenever dispute arises. International organisations can be split into those organisations set up through state agreements (membership is optional for all nations of the world), and those which are also set up by the state, but for states sharing the same region,(regional organisations). Examples of the former include The United Nations, The World Trade Organization(WTO) formerly the General Agreements on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), The World Bank, and The International Monetary Fund(IMF). Examples of the latter include The European Union(EU), The North American Free Trade Agreement(NAFTA), The African Union(AU), and The Association of Southeast Asian Nations,(ASEAN). The international organisations like the GATT, IMF and the World Bank were established during the Bretton Woods conference following the great depression. The United Nations was established in 1945 to promote international peace and cooperation, world security and human rights. Its membership include almost all soveriegn nations of the world and it has a number of organisations set up to carry out its duties. Organisations which include the World Health Organisation (WHO), the World Food Programme (WFP), the United Nations Children Fund (UNICEF), and the International Court of Justice (ICJ). TRANSNATIONAL CORPORATIONS Transnational corporations are such corporations, which due to large capacity or capital, have been able to establish branches of their organisation in other countries apart from their home country. They are called transnational because they have been able to establish their subsidiaries in countries more than one. These corporations are also referred to as Multinational Corporations(MNCs). According to Held et al, MNCs account for about 25% of world production, and 70% of world trade, while their sales are equivalent to almost half of the worlds GDP(Held et al.,1999; UNCTAD,2001, in Held and McGrew. 2002: p.3). These corporations are usually privately owned, or owned by a group of persons with public shares. Examples of TNCs include Microsoft, Adidas, Wal-Mart, General Electric, Hewlett Packard, ExxonMobil, Toyota, etc. TNCs exist in every industry known to mankind. The emergence of TNCs in the global economic arena has led to their inclusion in the political arena also, as they have become forces to reckon with in the international scene. The liberalization of trade, globalisation and democracy, revolutions in information technology and transport, has enabled these corporations to transfer their technology and services to different countries with favourable market structures, and has more or less unleashed their ability to give a new meaning to global economy. Due to efficiency and technological advancements of these firms, we see the privatization of government controlled corporations to them. In Nigeria for example, the Nigerian Telecommunications was privatized, giving TNCs the right to bid and buy, which resulted into the sale of the Nigerian Telecommunications plc, to Transcorp Ltd. Government-controlled firms are increasingly outsourced to TNCs, and their expertise is sought on various occasions. The reason why TNCs are more popular and important in the world and especially in the developing world is because, due to their large capital base, they have been able to establish their presence in a lot of countries, they have enough capital to hire and pay smart technological geeks to keep them abreast of technological innovations, they even practically invent most things themselves anyway!. These companies, unlike most state departments, are sophisticated and dedicated because they are capitalists who have been able to put together a team of people who are best in providing the services required. For instance, in Nigerian federal universities, it is not uncommon to find lackadaisical attitudes to teaching amongst lecturers mainly because there is always salary disagreements between themselves and the federal government. Meanwhile, private universities in the same country can effectively boast of the best,(might not be most experienced though!) lecturers because they can afford to pay them and monitor their activities. Subsequently, they use these incentives to draw federal lecturers away from government service. Capitalism is the main driving force of TNCs, and this is a great propeller for their competition for economic and probably, political power control. NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS Non Governmental organisations,(NGOs) can be regarded as organisations or movements which are not established by the government of any state, rather they are liberal activist charity groups usually founded by individuals or corporate firms, to address issues affecting the society as result of globalisation. They are either globally recognised(International NGOs), or local mobilization groups. NGOs as we see this days, have been a significant force in global governance through their involvement and activities on issues such as the protection of human rights, environmental hazards awareness, the promotion of gender equality, etc, (Held and McGrew,2002. P.244) NGOs activities, like every other sector of the world affairs, have been made easier and more global as a result of the technological revolutions, (Castells,2008. P.86). Small scale activist groups get the chance to advertise and liaise with other people who share their vision in other parts of the world, to build a strong network for their cause. Examples of INGOs include the Amnesty International, The Red Cross Society, Greenpeace, etc., all of whose specialization ranges from environmental awareness and first aid, to the popularization of fundamental human rights. NGOs are individual organisations who do not command the kind of traditional sovereignty enjoyed by the states and International organisations, or the capital that TNCs can boast of. As such, they resort to mass mobilization of workers, activists, and volunteers, as well as funds from corporate organisations, government donations, members dues, individuals committed to charity, to effectively realize their goals. Concerned with humanitarian affairs, reduction of poverty, diseases, and the improvement of the welfare of the people in the developing countries, NGOs charge themselves with the duty of providing first aid, relief materials to victims of war and natural disaster, sensitizing people about growing killer diseases, while also acting as the mouth piece for the millions of neglected people, whose voices will never be heard in the international arena. Due to the nature of their activities and scope of concentration, we often find NGOs acting in roles traditionally meant for gover nments- providing avenue for public opinion for the people, (Wilkinson, 2002. P.xii). we also find that local NGOs could actually be single people who felt they needed to make a change in their environment, a classical example being nominees of the CNN Hero awards, people like 28year old Efren PenaFlorida who founded a teen company to keep youngsters out of gangsterism, and Andrea Ivory, a lady who gives free awareness and tests to women to detect early signs of cancer, (CNN Living,2009). These people use their money, resources and time to promote a better world in their own way. The main contributions of NGOs to global governance lies in their attempt to influence the decisions of states and international organizations to include areas which affect not only the economic lives of people, but the social and cultural areas as well, in their legislations, i.e., to ensure that public opinion is sought on issues, and people benefit from both political and social globalisation. They also seek equality and social justice, (OBrien, 2007. P.394). Equality and social justice as regards gender bias, economic imbalance between nations, racism, and social stratification. NGOs have been the most effective way of ensuring increased awareness of international politics to public opinion, they have, as far as I see, been able to somewhat promote accountability and transparency in global governance. Governments now know that there are associations which will launch demonstrations and picketings on them when they make selfish policies. BENEFITS OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE The form of global governance that we have today, regardless of obvious lapses, controversies and inconsistences, have been able to keep the world in a relative sanity, preventing anarchy, which would have been what we will have in absence of a regulating system. Due to the growing interconnectedness, the world needed a machinery that can be used to provide law and order and maintain relations. The ability of the form of governing that we have today, to successfully keep the negative aspects of globalisation to a bearable minimum, has also been a plus on its part. If we did not have international organisations to regulate and arbitrate, states would probably have been raining weapons of mass destruction on each other!. This is very important because, in globalisation of the magnitude that we currently have, there should be a system to ensure orderliness, and the International organisations are surprisingly providing this in their own way. Global governing has also been able (to a limited extent), check the excesses of governments against their own citizens and against other countries. This is more on the part of international organisations. They have been able to impose sanctions where agreements are breached, and this has promoted some form of accountability and responsibilty. It has also been able to reduce wars between nations through negotiations , arbitrations and sanctions, which probably even made going to war more tedious than before. SHORTCOMINGS OF GLOBAL GOVERNANCE People usually say that the form of global governance that we have today has done little to be effective in terms of keeping peace and maintaining economic and social stability. This is not an unfounded accusation. The inability of international organisations to effectively eradicate the gap between the rich nations and the poor nations (Murphy, C.N. 2000. P.789), socially and economically, has led to a distrust for the system. Poorer or developing nations have been given a chance to develop through free trade, and economic liberalisation, while developed countries have been given the chance to officially exploit the poor nations through this same economic policies. The policies made by these organisations are deliberated upon by participating nations, but like in the case of the United Nations, vetoed by the security council, which comprises of the most powerful nations of the world. At the end of the day, we can say most policies will not end up being objective. This also brings in the unfairness of the system. Whether it is obvious or not, global governance is still aware of hegemonic powers and their influence, as such, preference is given to them above others. Even TNCs who do not make international rules, will probably sign a deal with the United States faster than it would, say, Benin Republic, except of course if it has a capitalistic motive on the latter. The coalition of the states, international organisations, non governmental organisations, and transnational corporations, has led to multiplicity of opinion, interests, and actions. This is bound to have a negative effect on the society. Effective global governing cannot accommodate extreme diversity of opinion, and this sometimes bring chaos of ideas and ineffective policy making, and there goes the saying of Too many cooks spoil the broth!. International organisations are accountable to their creators,(the states), NGOs are accountable to their donors, while the TNCs are accountable to their owners, and possibly, shareholders. This, I see as multiplicity of allegiance which is capable of bringing diverse self interest in governance. At the end of the day, only NGOs are capable of the largest rate of accountability to the people, who are supposed to be beneficiaries of global governance. Accountability to the states by the international organisations, is supposed to be a form of ind irect accountability to the people, but this only works if the state is effectively accountable to its people. At the end of the day, it looks like they all are pursuing interests other than that of the people. Also, NGOs are obviously the only channel through which active public opinion is sought, developed nations try to do this to an extent. Developing nations most times do not have the facility or the conscience to seek public opinion. In Nigeria for example, results of the nations dealings with other countries only appear in newspapers, when most times, nobody even knew the country was entering an agreement anywhere. The media is used to seek public opinion, and more than half of the nation probably do not even have access to a television, newspaper or radio. WHAT CAN BE DONE? One of the most mportant things that can be proposed for an increased success in global governance is the increased effectiveness of international organisations,(Baylis, et al. 2008 p.35). Since international organisations are the highest determinant of regulations in economic and political activities, they should have the ability to function effectively independently of any hegemonic power or dominant state. If these organisations are equipped with mechanisms to achieve their goals and less vetoes and influence comes from the states, they might just be able to transform into organisations with enough backbone to see the world through. The possibility of total autonomy from the states might not be possible, but if partial autonomy is achieved, it will be better, at least GATT was a more dominated version of WTO and it was successfully transformed to this institution with better autonomy and standard dispute resolution techniques, (Narlikar,2005. P. 86). Efficiency in the making and execution of policies, in penalties for transgressors, sanctions, supports and objective governance, are crucial to any organisation established for regulating world affairs. If this actor of global governance is effective, it will be able to regulate the results of globalisation and the relationship between the states, NGOs and TNCs in economy and politics. NGOs and TNCs are consisted mainly of private organisations, so the most effective way to achieve effective governance is through the international organisations who can check the excesses of the other actors. There also needs to be a balance between the attention given to economic, political and social issues. The concentration of the present form of governance on global market outcomes, states competition and power tussle, has left a huge gap in the social arena. These issues should not take precedence over poverty, education, health, employment, environment, etc. less hegemonic dominance is required to build a better and sustainable system of global governance. BIBLIOGRAPHY BOOKS BAYLIS, J., SMITH, S. and OWEN, P. eds.(2005) The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations, 3rd ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press). BAYLIS, J., SMITH, S., and OWEN, P. eds. (2008) The Globalisation of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations, 3rd ed. (Oxford: Oxford University Press). GILPIN, R., (2002), A Realist Perspective on International Governance in Held, D. and McGrew, A. eds., Governing Globalization: Power, Authority and Global Governance, (Cambridge: Polity Press). Held, D. et al (1999) Corporate Power and Global Production Networks Global Transformations, (Stanford: Stanford University Press), Ch. 5: 236-282. Held, D. and McGrew, A. eds (2002) Governing Globalization: Power, Authority and Global Governance, (Cambridge: Polity press). MURPHY, C.N., (2002) Why Pay Attention To Global Governance in Wilkinson, R. and Hughes, S. eds. Global Governance: Critical Perspectives, (London: Routledge). Narlikar, A. (2005) The World Trade Organization: A very short introduction, (Oxford: Oxford University Press). OBrien, R. et al (2000) Contesting Global Governance: Multilateral Economic Institutions and Global Social Movements, (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). OBrien, R. and Williams, M. (2007) Governing Global Political Economy Global Political Economy: Evolution and Dynamics, Ch. 13, (Basingstoke:Palgrave). Wilkinson, R. and Hughes, S. eds. (2002) Global Governance: Critical Perspectives (London: Routledge). JOURNAL ARTICLES Castells, M. (2008) The New Public Sphere: Global Civil Society, Communication Networks and Global Governance, The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political Science, 616(1): 78-93. Held, D. (2000) Regulating Globalization? The Reinvention of Politics, International Sociology, 15(2): 394-408. Mathews, J. (1997) Power Shift Foreign Affairs, 76(1): 50-66. Murphy, C.N. (2000) Global Governance: Poorly done, and Poorly Understood, International Affairs, 76(4): 789-803. Slaughter, A-M. (1997) The Real New World Order, Foreign Affairs, 76(5): 183-197. BROADCAST CNN Living, (CNN Heroes), 2009 [TV Programme] CNN, 28 November 2009.

Organ Donation :: essays research papers

On April 16, 1996, my grandfather passed away of cancer. He had been ill since November of 1995, and he needed a kidney transplant. Unfortunately, he never received one, resulting in the cause of his death. Each day about 70 people receive an organ transplant. However, 16 people die each day waiting for transplants that cannot take place because of the shortage of donated organs, according to organdonor.gov. In New York alone, only 350 people are organ donors where 7,000 New Yorkers are currently awaiting organ transplants. One organ donor can save up to 8 lives by donating their heart, lungs, liver, kidney, pancreas, and intestines. Anyone can become an organ donor, and everyone should consider it. According to hjd.org, organs and tissues are distributed through federally or state authorized regional organ and tissue banks. Your decision to become an organ donor will not interfere with the health care you receive. Saving a patient’s life is the health care provider’s first priority, and it does not cost your family anything. According to organdonation.com, family consent is required for organ donation. Referring to an article titled, â€Å"The Gift of Organ Donation,† written by Dr. Dan Fischer about organ donation, organ donation is a lifesaving gift to a person who needs a healthy organ. It is an opportunity for you to give life to another human being after you have passed away. Organ donors are desperately needed in this country, and everyone should consider themselves a potential donor. According to a statistic on organdonors.html, tens of thousands of people wait each year for transplants, and between 10-20% of them die for lack of suitable organs. Death is a sad and final affair, especially through accidental or terminal illness.

a russian way :: Free Essay Writer

In 1890 there was the Triple Alliance which was an agreement among Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy to help each other under certain circumstances. The Germans also had a secret Re-Insurance Treaty with Russia to ensure that they never had to fight a war on two fronts. Neither France nor Britain were members of these agreements. In 1893 the Germans refused to renew the Re-Insurance Treaty with Russia, preferring closer links with Austria-Hungary. In 1894 Russia and France came together in an alliance backed up by financial, industrial and military help. Germany now found herself surrounded by potential enemies and having to face the real possibility of fighting a war on two fronts. Faced with this threat the German General Staff began to plan for a war against both France and Russia and this eventually became the Schlieffen Plan with its emphasis on speed and the need to invade neutral Belgium. France and Germany were bitter enemies because of France's defeat in the war of 1870-71 and the resulting loss of Alsace and Lorraine to Germany. Their bitterness was worsened by the actual defeat of 1870, the Siege of Paris and the German march down the Champs Elysee. Britain was isolated in 1890. She had no allies or even friends on the continent. She had quarrelled with France over colonies in Africa and with Russia over a possible Russian threat to Persia and India. The Boer War of 1899-1902 showed how dangerous it was for Britain to have to friends on the continent. The Germans refused to sign an agreement with Britain and so Britain settled her differences with France in the Entente Cordiale of 1904 This agreement was not an alliance but simply an agreement not to quarrel any more about colonies in Africa and North America but growing tension with Germany especially after two crises in Morocco in 1905 and 1911 led to a secret military agreement in 1909 and a secret military agreement in 1912. These agreements which were only known to very few senior members of the government committed Britain to sending an army to France (BEF) in the event of war with Germany and after 1912 the Royal Navy agreed to defend Calais and the other French Channel ports from a German attack. In 1906 the new British super battleship, HMS Dreadnought, was launched. This had more and bigger guns than any other ship in the world and it was faster and better armoured as well.

Notes on How to Write a Good Essay

Robert Cormier’s book ‘Heroes’ opens by introducing us to the main character Francis Cassavant, a ex-military soldier, wounded by a grenade from when he fought in World War Two. There are three main characters in this book; Francis, Larry and Nicole. Throughout this book Cormier gives an insight into how all these characters interlock, with Francis’ mission, to kill Larry LaSalle. In the first chapter of this book Cormier introduces us to the main character of Francis Cassavant, and how he is presented as a hero; this chapter is based entirely on his appearance after a grenade attack from when he fought in the war. Francis’ appearance has obviously changed dramatically as he refers to his face as a ‘gargoyle’ and that he has ‘no face’. Francis also refers to himself as the ‘hunchback of Notre Dame’ and that he is ugly with ‘no ears to speak of’ and ‘the absence of my nose’. This suggests that that he has been in a terrible accident and instantly makes you empathise, and feel sorry for him, but as you further progress through the book you see that maybe that Francis isn’t the hero and as innocent as he seems at first glance. To add further detail Cormier describes his nostrils as ‘two small caves’. This portrays his face as almost like a monster or a mutant. We can infer from the text that Francis has low self esteem and has little or no confidence in himself and when his doctor says ‘don’t expect anyone to pick you for a dance’ doesn’t really help with the fact when he knows he’s ‘not normal’. Francis hides his face with scarves, a hat and a bandage fastened with safety pins, hiding his face tell us that he does not want to be recognised or perhaps to be seen by anyone he knows in Frenchtown. People glance at me in surprise’ and ‘I don’t blame them’ shows that Francis is obviously repulsed and disgusted by the way he looks but isn’t afraid to say so, and also if he looks terrifying and repulsive, he isn’t going to be thought of as a hero. After in depth of describing the physical description of Francis, Cormier then moves on to the main plot, Francis’ mission to kill Larry LaSalle, dropping in little hints and sending up an ‘our father’ and ‘ ail Mary’ and ‘glory be’ for Larry LaSalle, and sending up prayers for Nicole Renard, instantly bringing all the three main characters together but still keeping them separate and not knowing why they are interlocked and how everything is more complicated then it seems behind the eyes of Francis, Larry and Nicole, and how Francis and possibly Larry could either be heroes or cowards. Making Francis seem like an innocent war hero is an interesting and unusual move to make because it makes you feel sorry for Francis at the beginning but as the story unfolds you see that there is more than meets the eye about Francis and how his ‘heroic status’ isn’t as heroic as it seems. One of the ways Cormier presents the concept of heroes is in chapter nine, the chapter when Larry LaSalle reveals he is going off to the ‘fight the japs’ in the Second World War. So when the news first broke that Japan had bombed Pearl Harbour in an attack, a wave of frenzy and fear washed over America. People had ‘patriotic fever’ meaning that they weren’t just feeling patriotic about their country; it was as though a fever had taken over and had plagued through everyone. That day Larry LaSalle stood before everyone in the wreck centre, his ‘movie-star smile gone replace with grim faced determination’ he was ready to go and ‘fight the japs’ he announced that he was going to war, he had ‘anger that we had never seen before flashing in his eyes’. From the quote we realise that Larry is passionate about fighting for his country, but from the way he displays and announces that he is leaving and going to war and when he says ‘none of that kids’ (referring to when the kids clap when he announces he’s going to war) ‘I’m just doing what millions of others are doing’ he almost says it in a way that he wants to be recognised even more as a hero, and he also tries to make it seem as though it’s not important about what he’s doing, but by the way he flaunts it he makes it seem like he’s doing some great and powerful favour for America and the people of Frenchtown. This shows the concept of heroes because as soon as the opportunity comes along to be a hero, Larry will grab it in an instant and makes sure that everyone knows about it and about how it’s making him a hero. This chapter explains the events from Larry returning home, to the episode that happens at the end of the chapter and that is when we come to realise Francis’ hatred for Larry LaSalle. When the crowd are waiting for Larry’s arrival, we see that he is described as ‘Lt. Lawrence LaSalle, US Marines Corps, holder of the silver star’ from this quote we can immediately see that he is being shown as a hero. He is also the star of ‘newsreels’ and ‘radiobroadcasts’ making his seem very important; like a vip – almost a god as far as the town are concerned. They describe him as ‘a bright pied piper’ saying that he can get the towns children to follow him. It shows that he is quite a powerful and a big role model in the children of Frenchtown and maybe not only with children, the adults also seem to love, worship and adore him. In Larry’s actual arrival those there to greet him add the heroic atmosphere. The town goes to greet him at the station, adults, old people and children from the wreck centre are all there to meet this so called hero. When he arrives you instantly remember his ‘movie star smile’ revealing his popularity and confidence. ‘We cheered’ this shows that he is loved and respected by his fellow people and people look up to him as a ‘hero’. You could still see ‘a touch of Fred Astaire in his walk’ implying that he still is the same old Larry, but now ‘lethal’. Him being described as lethal implies that he has changed from coming back from the war; he’s thinner, sleeker. My war hero’ people shout from the crowd. People are proud of him for fighting for their country, they really respect him. ‘Ribbons and medals on his chest’ are a visible representation of him being a hero. Physically the descriptions of Larry show how much he has changed from being a cool dancer to a ‘slen der, knife like killing machine’ he has now changed into a ‘knife-like’ and ‘lethal’ with sharper details, the hero that we saw before has now become a ‘superhero’ in the town’s eyes. ‘You are our celebration’ the mayor proclaims to Larry, emphasising Larry’s heroic status. He is now the town’s hero when he is given ‘the silver key to the city’ people would immediately think that he is of high heroic status is the mayor gives him something so important to the city. When he gives his big speech he says ‘we need to keep the world safe for these young people’ saying this he is almost trying to cover up for what he does later. At the celebration, towards the end Larry tries to get Francis to leave the wreck centre, so he can have ‘one last dance’ with Nicole, he says that ‘this is important’ and he manipulates Francis. Just me and her alone’ makes it feel like something terrible is going to happen. So Francis leaves, ‘I’ve got to go, you and Larry stay. One last dance’ his words sounding false as though Larry placed them in his mouth. She wants him to ‘stay and watch’ but he leaves, to his and Nicole’s misfortune. When the attack happens, it shows just how unheroic and cowardly both Larry and Francis are. ‘In the shadows of the hallway’ Francis lurks waiting for Nicole to leave the Wreck centre, but then Larry does the most inexplicable, disgusting thing, he sexually assaulted her. A sound that could have been a moan and a rustle of clothing’ even though Francis knew something was going on in there, he still couldn’t pluck the courage to go see if his girlfriend was alright. When she ‘stumbles out of the hallway’ she sees Francis, and he saw ‘the betrayal of her in her eyes’ as she runs away, Francis hears Larry, this now shows how wrong people were about Larry and about how he is not a hero but something of the complete opposite ‘whistling the tune-‘dancing in the dark’ as though he had done nothing wrong, that this was no rmal. It’s amazing that the heart makes no noise when it cracks’ Francis is truly heartbroken, and it shows just how cowardly Francis and Larry can both be. In chapter 14, we see how much of a hero Francis could be when we finally get to the part where he goes to kill Larry LaSalle, Larry is no longer a hero. When he sees Larry you can see that Larry’s physical appearance has changed drastically as he’s ‘yellowed with age’, a bit ‘feeble now’, and ‘fragile now’, with ‘white hands’. Larry is not innocent’ and no longer a hero. Francis explains his unannounced visit, with a gun in his hands. Larry ‘rises slowly’ from his chair as Francis begins to question him. ‘You were our hero’ Larry was their hero, he did everything for the people of Frenchtown and now his heroic status had just fallen through the roof, ‘ no more sweet young things’ Larry says, saying as though its normal to sexually assault someone who’s young. Even there heat is sweet’ he says giving Francis even more of a reason to kill him, but he falters when Larry says ‘does that on sin wipe away all the good things. ’ He falters because he’s probably thinking about what he did for him, with the Table tennis and if it wasn’t for Larry renewing the Wreck Centre, Francis would never had been with Nicole, with all these mixed emotions and feelings Francis walks away. But when Francis walks away ‘the sound of a pistol shot cracks in the air’ Larry LaSalle had shot himself. Cormier presents the idea of heroes in his novel, one by setting it in the time of World War Two, which has lots of potential for heroes because theirs the concept of being a soldier. He also presents the idea of heroes by making two characters seem like heroes at first glance but then stripping them of their heroic status by things that come to haunt them from the past that had never been dealt with. Also with Nicole Renard and how she is the innocent victim in this and how one incident made both Francis and Larry cowards and very un-heroic.

Introduction To Curriculum Development Education Essay

To get down with, all the trainees, of the Boys Department, had a meeting with the curate, who told us a spot about the college and its staff members. He, so, pointed out some regulations that the instructors must stay to, for illustration, the male instructors should have on a tie and the female 1s should avoid dressing in denims or pants. Afterwards, he leads us towards the staff room and we introduce ourselves to the instruction staffs. We, the mathematics trainees, were told to loosen up for the first twenty-four hours and so, we stay in the staff room till the school ends. The 2nd twenty-four hours, I followed Mr Gaudy ‘s lower six category and two of Mr Navin ‘s category. On the 3rd twenty-four hours, I was transferred to another section. There, I followed Mr Inder ‘s category and most of the clip I really did his category. He had categories with the Form III and Form IV pupils. With the Form IV pupils, he was explicating a subject on absolute mistake and the Form III pupils were analyzing matrices. However, as Mr Inder had merely a few categories, it meant that I was free most of the clip and so, I proposed to Mr Saidoo to let me to follow his categories. Mr Saidoo was a prevocational instructor. It should be noted that most of the pupils of this section were prevocational 1s. I participated in an inter-department Quiz competition where I was given the function of the time-keeper. Before the Quiz competition, Mr Inder told me to do a speedy alteration with the two participants and the latter really won the competition by crushing the Form IV boys from Department A. I besides attended two chitchats, one on smoke and the other was about the jobs confronting the young person. My Experience as a Replacee Teacher After my graduation from university in July 2008, I had the chance to work as a replacee instructor at Hamilton College ( Boys ) till the terminal of the school twelvemonth in October 2008. There, I had the chance to work with the pupils of Form III up to Form VI. The topics that I taught were English and Mathematics. Overall, it was a really fruitful experience as I had the juncture to work with the HSc pupils, both male childs and misss. Furthermore, I learnt that learning is non a simple occupation as a batch of readying is needed so as to do the instruction and acquisition experiences a success. One other experience I gained was about how to carry on scrutiny and all the troubles it entails sing be aftering the scrutinies every bit good as the invigilation agenda. My Experience as a Full-Time Teacher In January 2009, I joined Dar-Ul-Ma'arif Secondary School where I taught Mathematics and Additional Mathematics with the Form 4 and Form 5 pupils, male childs and misss individually. The school population was about 110 pupils and there were non many instructors working at that place. So, any instructor had a heavy timetable and had many duties. For case, I was responsible to fix the strategy of work for Mathematicss and Additional Mathematics for the Form 4 and Form 5 despite being a novitiate in the profession. Furthermore, during my say at Dar-Ul-Ma'arif, I did a six month class at Mauritius Institute of Education for the Educator ‘s Licence which helped me a batch to understand the pupils. In February 2010, I joined the Doha Academy Secondary School. Chapter Two – The Bachelor in Education ( B.Ed ) Course Besides entry of a thesis and the portfolio at the terminal of the academic twelvemonth, the B.Ed class comprised of the undermentioned faculties: Sociology of Education Doctrine of Education Education Psychology Introduction to Curriculum Development Appraisal and Evaluation Education Management and Supervision Instructional Technology Tendency in Pedagogy Educational Research Capable Didactics ( Mathematics ) Functional English In the following parts of this chapter, issues raised in five of the faculties will be discussed and reflected upon. 2.1 Doctrine of Education This faculty enabled me to hold a deeper penetration about what instruction is. Dr Rassool, the lector, made us reflect upon our ain doctrine of instruction and without a uncertainty, it helped us to better understand ourselves as instructors. A learning doctrine statement is â€Å" a systematic and critical principle that focuses on the of import constituents specifying effectual instruction and acquisition in a peculiar subject and/or institutional context † ( Schonwetter et al. , 2002, p.84 ) . 2.1.1 My Teaching Philosophy â€Å" Teaching should be such that what is offered is perceived as a valuable gift instead than a difficult responsibility † – Albert Einstein Bing a mathematics instructor every bit good as a lover of the topic, there are some characteristics of mathematics that makes it a really particular subject. To call a few: Mathematicss is an first-class rational game where all the participants win. Mathematicss is besides a theoretical account that can be used for developing independent and critical thought. Mathematicss can be seen as a linguistic communication that allows us to pass on thoughts exactly between ourselves. Last, mathematics is a tool used in natural scientific disciplines and, therefore, a needed subject for many pupils. The above statements entirely actuate me to portion my mathematical cognition, among others, to my pupils. However, my ends for learning mathematics are many. First, communicate to my pupils that mathematics is a merriment and better their assurance approximately mathematics every bit good as cut downing their anxiousness about mathematics. Other ends are: Develop a mathematical sense about measures, geometry, and symbols every bit good as a assortment of problem-solving schemes and basic computational accomplishments Enable pupils to do judgements based on quantitative information, to turn out basic consequences, to read mathematics efficaciously and to understand their ain idea procedures Ensure that pupils truly understand constructs Establish constructive pupil attitudes about mathematics Facilitate acquisition of life-long acquisition accomplishments Foster a desire to inquire mathematics inquiries, critical thought, pupil find of mathematics and surrogate apprehension of the cogent evidence of cardinal theorems Teach the beauty of mathematics Aid pupils learn the cardinal theorems and their applications Improve pupils ‘ apprehension of engineering Increase the figure of mathematics big leagues every bit good as the pupils ‘ mathematical cognition Model expert problem-solving Motivate pupils to do an attempt to larn mathematics Open the doors to other chances for pupils Prepare future mathematicians, pupils for proficient callings and pupils to be knowing grownups Thatch applications to other Fieldss ; particularly for abstract topics like vectors whereby pupils frequently ask the inquiry: â€Å" where will vectors used us in our life? † Teach reckoner and computing machine accomplishments, cardinal constructs, generalizing, logical logical thinking, mathematical authorship, foretelling, problem-solving and proof-reading of mathematics Thatch pupils how to interpret back and Forth between words and mathematics Thatch pupils to work collaboratively My mathematics schoolroom features multiple methods of direction that depends chiefly on the subject to be taught and my experience with how single pupil best learn mathematics. On some occasions, the student-centred attack is undertaken while on other occasions, small-group probes, among others, are carried out. These assorted schoolroom patterns help turn to the varied acquisition manners found in the mathematics schoolroom. Furthermore, I prepare my categories meticulously, but I like to improvize whenever possible. I dislike being interrupted during my account but I love it when the pupils ask inquiries afterwards ; and I congratulate them for any good inquiries and remarks. Prophet Muhammad ( Peace and Blessing of God Almighty be upon him ) one time said: â€Å" Facilitate things to people and do non do it difficult for them † ( Sahih Al-Bukhari ) . Since I learnt about this expression, I try effortlessly to use it in my day-to-day life and particularly in my instruction. 2.1.2 Criticism The positive facet of this faculty is that it makes one reflect a batch on issues related to instruction. However, compared to other faculties, this one is more bulky and we have excessively small clip to cover everything. Furthermore, this faculty was presented by Dr Rassool who had three faculties with us and many a clip, we could non calculate out what faculty that we are really making. In my sentiment, this faculty can non be assessed through scrutiny as it is excessively abstract a topic. 2.1.3 Self-Reflection The first of import facet of the class was to assist us understand better what instruction is. Previously, I thought that instruction was merely transportation of cognition from the instructor to the pupils. But, at the terminal, of the class, I realised that instruction is much more than a transportation of cognition. Among the assorted definitions of instruction that I came across throughout the class, there is one put frontward by Dr Sohawon that I truly appreciated and upon which there is a batch to reflect. Harmonizing to Dr Sohawon, instruction is â€Å" the deliberate and systematic influence exerted by the mature individual upon the immature, through direction, subject, and harmonious development of physical, rational, aesthetic, societal and religious powers of the human being, harmonizing to single and societal demands and directed towards the brotherhood of the educated with his Godhead as the concluding terminal. † 2.2 Instructional Technology Upon farther reading sing articles related to this faculty, I came across a term that caught my attending. The term was coined by Professor Prensky ( 2001, p.1 ) who stated that, today, school pupils are â€Å" digital indigens † and they â€Å" are all ‘native talkers ‘ of the digital linguistic communication of computing machines, video games and the Internet † . The different talks provided with farther penetrations about the usage of information and communications engineering ( ICT ) in the field of instruction. 2.2.1 Application of ICT in Education Ertmer et Al. ( 1999 ) identified three degrees of instructors ‘ computing machine usage, changing in their relationship to the bing course of study. These involve utilizing ICT as: a addendum to the course of study, a support or enrichment of the course of study, or a facilitator for an emerging course of study. The emerging ICT tools that may be utile in the instruction and acquisition of Mathematicss can be subdivided into two chief classs: Mathematicss package For the lower secondary pupils, the freeware Graph can be used for the subject Coordinates Geometry to pull simple additive graphs in the signifier. Thereof, pupils shall be able to place the different points on the line. This really light but utile package can besides be used with the Form IV pupils to pull quadratic curves every bit good as other maps like cubic, trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential. For 3-D representations of objects, the freeware Microsoft Mathematics 4.0 can be used. It has many characteristics from different of import Mathematicss subjects runing from statistics to trigonometry to calculus among others. This freeware may besides be used to explicate â€Å" absolutely † the subject on pulling simple additive inequalities and hence to happen the needed part fulfilling two or more inequalities. The Yenka freeware is another great mathematical package that incorporates different facets of mathematics and particularly the subjects in Statistics. Explaining the construct of chance becomes much more easy with it as lifes are besides provided. For case, when explicating about the different results possible when fliping two coins, Yenka provides a 3-D life whereby two coins are tossed. At the same clip, a tree diagram is constructed. Social Media The different societal media that I find dependable to integrate in instruction and acquisition are: Web log A web log can be created by the instructor whereby notes on specific subjects may be posted every bit good as related pictures can be embedded. Blogs besides offers the ability to post exposures. Useful links can besides be shared. Another benefit is that it offered the participants, that is, the pupils the possibility to post remarks and so, pupils can give their feedbacks and portion their positions. Wikis Like web logs, wikis can be created to post of import information about Mathematical subjects. But unlike web logs, participants can besides redact the station by adding other utile information. However, the danger is that can cancel any information or station information non related to the subject. Social Networking Sites ( SNS ) such as Facebook The different characteristics offered by Facebook make it a really utile tool in the instruction and acquisition of Mathematics. Some of these utile characteristics areFor instructorsBookTag: This app offers a great manner to portion and loan books out to pupils, plus make helpful quizzes for analyzing. Webinaria Screencast Recorder: Record a picture for pupils, and portion it with this application. Mathematical Formulas: Distribute expressions, solutions, and more with this application. SlideShare: Create presentations to direct to pupils with this slideshow application.For pupilsBooks iRead: Share the books you ‘re reading, and see what others think of books with this application. Notely: Form your school life with Notely, an app that helps you wrangle your calendar, notes, assignments, and more. Survey Groups: Get everyone together on your group undertaking by join forcesing with this application. HeyMath! : These mini-movies explain hard math constructs, so these are great to portion with pupils or utilize on your ain. ( Monaghan, 2008 ) A ‘fan page ‘ can besides be created to advance Mathematics. Each ‘Like ‘ will increase its popularity. Chirrup Refering its educational usage, it may enable the instructor to ‘tweet ‘ utile links and reminders to his pupils, for case, about an appraisal to be done in the coming hebdomad or to make a research on a peculiar subject. Furthermore, it has the characteristic of sentiment canvass. This may benefits the professional growing of the instructor. Vodcast The usage of Vodcast might benefits pupil that were absent for a peculiar lesson or have non to the full grasped the different constructs in a lesson. It may besides be an advantage when making alteration. The instructor can utilize the picture to measure his ain instructions. 2.2.2 Criticism This faculty was every bit interesting as all other faculties but I believe that this faculty needs to be accompanied with practical exercisings and lesser literature. These practical exercisings could be assessed and evaluated. 2.2.3 Self-Reflection The ‘Instructional Technology ‘ faculty provided us with introducing thoughts to heighten the instruction and larning experiences every bit good as to actuate pupils and instructors. While researching on the subject, I came to gain how powerful a tool engineering can be and besides how the worldwide web can be a manner of making out to different sorts of pupils. For case, Facebook has got many applications that would do Mathematicss much more easy and gratifying. I unfeignedly believe that engineering can be an integrating portion of the instruction and learning experience but before its integrating, there needs to be a alteration in the course of study, particularly for the usage of engineering in test. What is the point of utilizing a batch of engineering in learning and larning but in tests, merely really few pieces of engineering are allowed? At the same clip, I fear the abuse of engineering and its impact on society. 2.3 Introduction to Curriculum This faculty helped many of us pupils to understand the construct of course of study and at the same clip, to clearly distinguish the course of study from the course of study. Tyler ( 1949 ) defines the course of study as ‘all the acquisition of the topics which is planned by and directed by the school to achieve its educational ends ‘ . The different types of course of study were besides discussed. 2.3.1 Types of Curriculum Curriculum is subdivided chiefly as Official course of study Harmonizing to Posner ( 1992, p.10 ) , the official course of study, besides known as the written course of study â€Å" gives the basic lesson program to be followed, including aims, sequence, and stuffs. This provides the footing for answerability. † It can be said that the official course of study consists of the course of study and content of different topics, the legal model, the scrutinies, the school and its substructure, the disposal amongst others. Taught course of study The taught course of study, besides known as the operational course of study is â€Å" what is taught by the instructor, and how it is communicated. This includes what the instructor Teachs in category and the acquisition results for the pupil † ( Posner, 1992, p.10-12 ) . Therefore, the taught portion of course of study involves all the instruction and acquisition experiences that take topographic point in the schoolroom when pedagogues interact with pupils and vice-versa. Personally, I normally adopt different learning schemes with my pupil. The learner-centred instruction attack and the squad instruction attack are favoured for the upper categories while the important manner is favoured with the lower categories as it is a democratic attack in which the rights of both the instructor and the kid are recognized and respected compared to the autocratic manner ( Shaffer & A ; Kipp, 2007 ) . Formative appraisals are performed during the lessons so as to obtain feedbacks to both the scholar and myself and thereof, learning schemes are altered consequently. Hidden course of study Harmonizing to Horn ( 2003, p.298 ) , concealed course of study is defined as â€Å" the unrecognised and sometimes unintended cognition, values, beliefs that are portion of the acquisition procedure in schools and schoolrooms † . It can be deduced that the concealed course of study refers to those things which pupils learn indirectly at school. For illustration during a lesson, different teaching-learning schemes are used for active engagement. This indirectly inculcated values and accomplishments in them such as: Keeping subject Obedience To be democratic, that is, freedom of sentiment to give replies without any fright of being incorrect Tolerance and forbearance towards others ‘ sentiments to go good hearers To be critical, they are asked to notice on their friends replies in instance they do n't hold Social interactions through group treatments and whole category treatments Communication accomplishments are developed Null course of study Harmonizing to Posner ( 1992, p.10-12 ) , the nothing course of study â€Å" consists of what is non taught † . Eisner ‘s ( 1995 ) place on the â€Å" void course of study † is that when certain topics or subjects are left out of the overt course of study, school forces are directing messages to pupils that certain content and procedures are non of import plenty to analyze. When the Mathematics course of studies of Cambridge for the O-level and A-level every bit good as that of the National Assessment at Form III, prepared by the Mauritius Institute of Education, are exhaustively analysed, it is observed that two really of import constituents of Mathematicss have non been included, viz. History of Mathematicss. The mathematician Glaisher one time said that â€Å" no topic loses more than mathematics by any effort to disassociate it from its history. † Hayes ( 1991 ) stated: â€Å" I believe that it is a sedate error and mistake of scheme to try to learn mathematics without mention to its cultural, societal, philosophical and historical background † . † Application of Mathematicss in existent life state of affairss for complex subjects. From past experience, when learning complicated subjects, like â€Å" Vector of Plane † , pupils frequently asked the inquiry: â€Å" Why should we analyze this subject? † as for them, they do non understand the importance of such a subject as the jobs they are faced with are sometimes excessively abstract. But, when they are made cognizant of its importance in existent life, they are more eager to make the subject. 2.3.2 Criticism Understanding the construct of course of study and all that it entails was a really of import measure in the calling of an pedagogue. However, cognizing all this and accordingly, placing the assorted defects of a course of study can be seen as a loss of clip as we, as pedagogues, can non make anything to alter a course of study, particularly for S.C and H.S.C, that is prepared by an elect group in England. 2.3.3 Self-Reflection Besides holding had a deeper penetration of instruction, the construct of course of study became much clearer. I realised that when following a peculiar course of study, it is non merely finishing the different subjects involved in the course of study. In fact, the course of study is merely one portion of the course of study and there is more to a course of study. We have the purposes and aims that besides need to be achieved. In fact, these course of studies that we usually follow are the official course of study. However, there is one other type of course of study that is every bit or more of import than the official course of study. It is the concealed course of study. It is through the concealed course of study that moral values and moralss are passed on. Therefore, this helped me to be even more cautious in category as acting severely or weirdly would ensue in the pupils acting as such. Sometimes, when I observe a pupil acting severely, I say to myself that possibly the pupil is acting like this because of his instructor who was rude. Besides, upon farther contemplation, on a larger graduated table, I came to gain that possibly the manner ordinary people behave may be the consequence of how those who are regulating them behave. 2.4 Education, Management and Supervision Among the many of import constructs learnt in this faculty, there is one that I think is indispensable for every instructor to possess – managerial accomplishments in the schoolroom. 2.4.1 Managerial Skills Required by Teachers in the Classroom Mintzberg ( 1973 ) identified the undermentioned managerial accomplishments: Leadership Skill This accomplishment is concerned with the ability of the instructor to actuate and assist his pupils and at the same clip, to cover with their jobs efficaciously. For those pupils who are per se motivated, the instructor merely acts as an instigator and a facilitator. However, for those pupils who are non motivated, the instructor ‘s leading function is critical of import to actuate them. As a Mathematics instructor, the undermentioned schemes can be adopted to actuate the pupils: The instructor himself/herself must be seen as being motivated Find suited ways to do pupils love the topic State the purposes and aims of the capable affair Let the pupils know that the instructor is ever available whenever person is holding troubles in his surveies. Set-up the schoolroom regulations and ordinances in coaction with the pupils. Use different instruction manners in order to fit the diverse larning manners of the pupils. Peer Skill Peer accomplishment would mention to the ability of the instructor to move, at one clip, as a director of the schoolroom and at another clip, as a friend to his pupils. This friendly relationship should be to some bound and the pupils should be made cognizant of it. Otherwise, being excessively friendly would do pandemonium and undiscipline in the category and later, the larning environment of the category would be to a great extent and severely affected. Conflict Resolution Skill Life in a schoolroom is non ever sweet. On and off, things get rancid between the pupils or even between the pupil and the instructor for diverse grounds. Classroom struggles, may it be a minor or a major one, must be dealt with every bit shortly as they arise so as to forestall the state of affairs from acquiring out of control. Otherwise, they would botch the instruction and larning environment of the schoolroom. Information Processing Skill This accomplishment is about the instructor ‘s ability to pull out, collect and portion information relevant to the capable affair or subject. In the traditional position of instruction and acquisition, the instructor was the exclusive beginning of cognition and hence, the category was dominantly teacher-oriented. However, despite the fact that this attack to learning and acquisition is regarded as being disused, some topics, like mathematics, are most of the clip teacher-centred. But, a good mathematics instructor would happen ways to do his category an gratifying and fruitful experience. A good mathematics instructor should be able to utilize a assortment of learning manners in order to do the topic appear interesting and easy, and at the same clip, cater for the different acquisition manners of his/her pupils. Resource Allocation Skill This skill trades with the instructor ‘s ability to pull off his clip decently and to make out to each pupil ‘s encountered troubles. The best manner to accomplish these is through proper lesson planning. From past experience, the followers should be taken into consideration when fixing a lesson program: Carry out one lesson at a clip The purpose and aims of the lesson should be good set and the pupils should be made cognizant of it Since about all subjects in mathematics is based on some pre-requisites, ever recall those old cognition in order to acquire the pupils in the temper Based on the trouble of the subject, take a considerable sum of clip to to the full explicate the subject, taking into consideration the jobs pupils are holding and blow no clip to unclutter these misconceptions Allow pupils to hold sufficient sum of clip to pattern some jobs in category and at the same clip, utilize this ‘free ‘ clip to cover separately with those holding farther jobs Summarize the whole lesson Give a sensible sum of prep Reserve the following session for rectifying prep and for farther pattern ( remedial plants if needed ) A well-prepared lesson program non merely affect the resource allotment accomplishment but besides the entrepreneurial accomplishment of the teacher-manager as the latter trades with the ability of the instructor to look for jobs and chances that may originate during a lesson and thereof, implement the necessary alteration swimmingly. 2.4.1.6 Introspection Skill This maybe the most of import accomplishment needed by a teacher-manager. It deals with the instructor ‘s ability to reflect upon his ain work and the impact it has on his pupils. In other words, after each lesson, the instructor needs to self-evaluate himself. Successful rating would be that learning and acquisition has occurred and each pupil has understood the lesson and all plants have been completed. Else, the instructor needs to alter his learning schemes and/or behavior in category. 2.4.2 Criticism Dr Sohawon made this talk lively through his assorted real-life instances and so, it was an gratifying and enriching experience. However, some facets of the faculty, I believe, are out of range of a instructor, for case, the construct of quality control. I think that these constructs should be taught to a group of experient educational officers that entirely has for occupation to supervise the public presentation of instructors and pupils. 2.4.3 Self-Reflection At the beginning of the faculty, I thought that the subjects were beyond me as I am comparatively new to learning and the lector was speaking about being a director, a supervisor or an inspector and how to pull off or oversee. But, as the faculty was dealt farther, these managerial manners and accomplishments are as of import for a instructor as they are for a director. This is because, in the category, I concluded that the instructor has multiple functions. Furthermore, since I have been appointed as Section Leader for Form 4 and Form 5 ( Boys ) , I am gaining the importance of the different theories learnt in the faculty sing managing and supervision. 2.5 Tendencies in Pedagogy This faculty, harmonizing to me, is one of the most of import faculties of the whole class as it covered really of import subjects which are straight related to the instructor and his instructions. Among the many fruitful subjects, I would wish to portion my positions on instructor motive as it is a subject that is non frequently talked about. 2.5.1 Teacher Motivation A definition of instructor motive, harmonizing to me, would be a force that drives a instructor to make his best so as the best acquisition environment is formed for pupils. Associated to teacher motive are a low degree rate of absenteeism and a good disciplinary record of the instructor. Harmonizing to Michaelowa ( 2002, p.5 ) , teacher motive can be defined as â€Å" willingness, thrust or desire to prosecute in good instruction † . Hence, mathematically talking, teacher motive is tantamount to efficient instruction and accordingly, efficient acquisition. Some people believe they are born to be instructors. Others believe they have the necessary qualities for being a instructor. Normally, these people are per se motivated instructors. No external factors, positive or negative, would impact their finding to give their best as they care for the pupils and they want to see their pupils achieve in their surveies and in life. For making so, they are willing to make a batch of forfeit and utilize a battalion of schemes for the addition of the pupils. The bulk of instructors need to be motivated extrinsically, that is, their degree of motive is based on some external factors which may be straight related to the school environment or related to personal issues in their private life. A first issue that can assist in actuating a instructor, in my sentiment, is a just and just timetable. Bing a mathematics instructor, it would be really hard and demotivating to work excessively many periods per hebdomad, particularly if there are a batch of lower secondary categories. This is because to learn mathematics, one needs a batch of readying, concentration and energy so as to further a fruitful and dynamic acquisition environment whereby pupils are active and interested in the topic. Otherwise, from past experience, pupils are easy bored in mathematics categories that have a humdrum acquisition environment. Furthermore, instructors are motivated when they have pupils who make attempt and work good every bit good as participate in category. H armonizing to Csikszentmihalyi ( 1990 ) , a individual who is involved in an activity and is working at the extremum of his abilities reaches a province of felicity and satisfaction. Schonfeld ( 1989 ) claimed that being satisfied with one ‘s occupation is an index of morale and motive. Another component for teacher motive is being praised and rewarded by the direction or inspectors/supervisors. Bamisaye ( 1998 ) found that unjust administrative and supervisory patterns tend to sabotage teacher morale. Furthermore, harmonizing to Nwankwo ( 1984 ) , instructors feel extremely motivated when they are consulted about determinations sing their work. One farther component of import for actuating instructors would be a better wage. It is frequently argued that instructors are non being salaried for what they are truly deserving. The student-teacher ratio in a category should besides, harmonizing to me, be sensible. Just imagine learning mathematics with 40 pupils in a category. Will the instructor have sufficient clip to look at each of his pupils separately? To farther motivate instructors extrinsically, all educational installations should be offered to the instructor to to the full show himself suitably in category. For case, in mathematics, while explicating the subject ‘Transformation ‘ , a set of geometrical instruments is needed to heighten instruction and acquisition. Apart from offering the necessary installations for instruction, it would be every bit actuating for instructors to hold installations to rest or loosen up during their free clip. Some instructors, with a position to reenforce their instruction, like to introduce utilizing different schemes which may affect different siting agreement or the usage of modern technological tools. However, if the direction is loath to alterations, the instructor might be demotivated. Hence, holding the support of the direction is critical importance in the devising of well-motivated instruction and acquisition environment. Last, instructors may hold some personal crisis related to their household and relations. Problems such as statements with their childs and partner or divorce or even fiscal jobs, among others, may impact the end product of the instructor. By supplying appropriate psychological services, the direction could assist in work outing the jobs of instructors. In a survey by Gokce ( 2010 ) about instructor demands, there were 29 inquiries about the extent to which their demands were satisfied and 29 inquiries about the importance of those demands. He so compared most of his consequences to Maslow ‘s Hierarchy of Needs ( 1954 ) , reasoning that instructor ‘s psychological demands were non being met, though their most basic demands are. He besides concluded that if instructors know that their most basic demands will be met, it will increase motive. 2.5.2 Criticism I believe that this faculty, along with Functional English, was possibly the most apprehended faculty by all the pupils. Mr Bakarally generated a lively schoolroom environment through his treatments. However, sometimes, we had the same job as with Dr Rassool. We were confused about which faculty we are discoursing due to the fact that we did two faculties with Mr Bakarally, Trends in Pedagogy and Functional English. 2.5.3 Self-Reflection ‘Trends in Pedagogy ‘ allowed me to larn about the different attacks to learning. Upon farther reading, I came to recognize that for better bringing of a peculiar lesson in Mathematics, sometimes, a blend of these attacks is most appropriate depending on the contents of the lesson. For case, the behaviorist attack can be applied to take down secondary pupils holding troubles with simple arithmetic operations by giving them a considerate sum of jobs to undertake. Motivation is another facet of this faculty that I think is indispensable for the proper operation of a schoolroom activity. Without both teacher motive and pupil motive, I think that effectual instruction and acquisition will non happen. Chapter Three – General Decision I can state that after merely a twelvemonth following the B.Ed class, I have grown up professionally as a mature pedagogue. Through the faculties ‘Introduction to Curriculum ‘ and ‘Assessment and Evaluation ‘ among others, I have learnt the necessity of fixing a professional day-to-day lesson program. Five lesson programs have been annexed to the portfolio. Even though the journey was a hard one, I believe it was worthwhile to ship on it in order to be a better instructor. I think that this class helped us to gain that money is a secondary issue for a instructor. The most of import issue for a instructor is to utilize the different agencies at his disposal to bring forth efficient and effectual instruction and acquisition. Success for a instructor I believe is to see his pupils going some of import people in the society.